The platypus is
one of the most fascinating species on our world. Not only because this mammal
lays eggs, is venomous and has a bill like a duck, but because it is the most
evolutionary distinct mammal that exist today.
The
Platypus certainly is amongst the world’s most unique and unusual animals and
for good reason too. The Platypus’ are mammals because the females produce milk
and nurse their young, however they are different as the Duckbill platypus,
strangely lays eggs. This makes the Duckbill Platypus one of only three
Monotremata that walk this earth. Originating from the word monotreme, which
means a “single whole or opening”, Monotremata are mammals that lay eggs. The
Duckbill platypus is a mammal that lays eggs.
The
platypus (Ornithorhycnhus anatinus) is a very remarkable species and
is the most evolutionary distinct mammal alive today. Platypus are endemic to
Australia and are widespread in the countries’ eastern states. They occupy a
wide range of habitats and climates, but are dependent on river streams and
bodies of freshwater.
Nests are important to many birds and
other animals to keep their eggs and to provide a place to live or raise
offspring. Nests are usually made of some organic material like, grass, leaves,
twigs or simply a depression in the ground, or a hole in a tree, rock or
building. Birds use nests
to protect eggs and nestlings from predators and adverse weather. To minimize
predation, birds may use or build nests that are inaccessible, hidden, or
camouflaged. Nests may also help keep eggs and nestlings warm.
Researchers from Ohio Wesleyan University suggest that some birds may select
nesting material with antimicrobial agents to protect their young from harmful
bacteria. They presented their findings at the 2004 meeting of the American
Society for Microbiology. "If the fresh herbs and plant materials that
parent birds bring into the nest have a sufficient concentration of
antimicrobial compounds, they could protect the nestlings from harmful
bacteria," says researcher Jann Ichida. To find out if plants brought into
the nest might prevent disease, Ichida and colleagues tested 12 different
volatile plant materials against feather-degrading bacteria. Results showed
that several types of plant materials and extracts including usnic acid,
ascorbic acid, yarrow, and two oak species inhibited the growth of a number of
harmful bacteria. "If the fresh herbs have a sufficient concentration of
these chemicals, they could protect the nestlings from harmful bacteria,"
says Ichida. "By practicing medical botany, parent birds exercise
effective home nest security and protect their offspring from select
biodegrading microbes that affect the health of their young.
Some unique nests of birds
The nest mounds built by Dusky Scrubfowls are the largest nest in the
animal kingdom. They usually measure more than 11 m or 36 ft in
diameter and stand nearly 5 m or 16 ft tall.
Hummingbird
The smallest bird nests are those of some Hummingbirds, tiny cups which are
2 cm across and 3 cm high. The beautiful Hummingbird nest with two chicks on
the above photo was photographed in Santa Monica, California, USA.
Purple-crowned
Fairy
The cute Cup type nest on the above photo belongs to a Purple-crowned
Fairy. Like many other small birds, they use considerable amount of spider silk
in their cup nest. Purple-crowned Fairy
or Heliothryx barroti can be found Mexico down to Ecuador.
Pendant Nest
This beautiful Pendant nest of an unknown bird species was photographed
inYelagiri, India.
Baya Weaver
Sociable Weaver
The Sociable Weavers or Philetairus socius are impressive species of
bird of Africa. They can be found in Botswana, Namibia and South Africa.
Sociable Weavers build large compound community nests, a rarity among
birds.
Thick-billed
Weaver
Unlike many weaver bird species, the Thick-billed Weaver builds a different
type of nest – the Sphere type. Its formal name is Amblyospiza albifrons.
Cliff
Swallow
Taveta
Weaver
Another great nest weaver is the Taveta
Weaver or Ploceus castaneiceps.
This species of bird can be found in Kenya and Tanzania.
Common
Blackbird
The Cup type nest above belongs to Common Blackbird or Turdus merula. Their
nest is simply beautiful. They are also known as Eurasia Blackbird.
Village Weaver
Another great nest weaver is the Village Weaver. They build pendant type of
nest. Its binomial name is Ploceus
cucullatus and is also known as the Spotted-backed Weaver or Black-headed
Weaver. It can be found in sub-Saharan Africa.
Great Reed
Warbler
The nest above is a cup type nest built by Great Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus
arundinaceus). It is a Eurasian songbird.
Snowy Egret
Like Eagles and Ospreys, Snowy Egrets build Platform type of nest. Snowy Egret or Egretta thula is a white heron that can be found in Bahamas.
Cacique
Caciques build pendant type of nests. They can be
found in Central and South America
Than
119 type that threatened, there are five species of birds is very critical
because threatened. Birds referred to is nuri talaud (Eos histrio), popinjay small crested yellow ( Cacatua sulphurea), popinjay gnarly (Cacatua moluccansis), jalak bali (Leucopsar rothchildi), trulek java (Vanellus macropterus) and seriwangsa sangihe (Eutrichomyias rowleyi). Actually various efforts have done to
prevent extinction animals indonesian wealth that, but all appeared
ineffective, due to rampant illegal trade rare animals that. Trade birds nuri talaud
(Eos histrio) or locals call it
“sampiri”, for example, distribution has been rampant. Least hundreds of birds
valuable this high smuggled abroad.
The
Government has actually been trying to maintain the sustainability of the rare
animals, among other things by setting the konservasidi forest area of the
Sangihe Talaud Islands. On the island of Sangir Of no less than approximately
3,549 ha area was made a protected forest on the island while Sahendaruman
Karakelang about 24,669 ha made the area Wildlife Karakelang and 9000 ha as the
area of protected forest. Unfortunately, the presence of forest conservation
are particularly vulnerable due to the rampant encroachment of forests, timber
theft, poaching and trading of wildlife, as well as environmental pollution.
The local government is aware of the importance of this area, and supports the
protection as well as the existence of such areas. However, it is not the
existence of an agreement between the community and the Government relating to
the management of natural resources as well as the clarity of boundaries of
forest area leads to less effective government protection.
In Indonesia there are at least 1,500 species of
birds. Not a few of these are listed in the endangered category (being
Critically endangered). Today we will discuss 10 of them, the following native
birds that are endangered:
Celepuk
Siau (Otus siaoensis)
Anis-bentet Sangihe (Colluricincla sanghirensis)
Elang Flores (Spizaetus floris)
Gagak Banggai (Corvus unicolor)
Jalak Bali (Leucopsar rothschildi)
Kakatua Kecil Jambul Kuning (Cacatua sulphurea)
Merpati Hutan Perak (Columba argentina)
Perkici
Buru (Charmosyna toxopei)
Trulek Jawa (Vanellus macropterus)
Tokhtor Sumatera
(Carpococcyx viridis)
Bird become extict to fullfill human economic need. For Example is Paradisaea
Raggiana. They threatened scarece
because of wild hunter that use air rifle to kill the bird in Berawai, Yapen
Island, Papua . Then, the bird are durable and
sell illegally. Based on BKSDA (Badan Kelestarian Sumber Daya Alam) research
in April-Juni 2010 the number of this bird approximately 118 birds. The scarcity also caused by illegal logging
and plantage cleating that disturb Paradisaea Raggiana. Society cannot do
anything beacuse of less facility from government.
So scared if they must be die for some properties
Then, the solution to this phenomenon is:
- Sosialiasation to society about importance
keep of preservation
-“Penangkaran”
-Government fasilitate society to keep habitat of bird.
Indonesia
consists of thousands of islands and more than 1500 species of birds are recorded
in the country. Many of these islands are of great biological value. There are
hundreds of nature reserves.This list of bird species found exclusively in
Indonesia is based on the taxonomy used in Dickinson (2003). Dickinson, E.C. (Ed.)(2003) The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of
the Birds of the World. Revised and enlarged third edition. Princeton
University Press, Princeton.
We are students of International biology Education on Yogyakarta State University. We think that teach is the most precious job. It is so interesting things when we can give our knowledge to our student that have shiny eyes.To be teacher is our choice, our dream,and our future. We want to be great and inspirative teacher. We hope!:D
